Horticulture Forum: July 1999, USDA Targets Asian Longhorned Beetle

The U. S. Department of Agriculture is taking measures to keep the Asian longhorned beetle from spreading to other parts of the country. Efforts to bring the ALB under control include several long-term studies of potential treatment options and a U.S. government ban on all untreated wood packing materials from the ALB’s native China.

ALB Facts

  • The adult ALB can be more than 2 inches long, including its horned-shaped an-tenna. Its bullet-shaped body is jet black with white spots on its wing covers.

  • So far, ALB’s have been detected in maples, horsechestnut, poplar, willow, elm, mulberry, black locust and ash.

  • By the time an infestation is detected, the damage is already done. The only way to detect ALB infestation is by a visual inspection for old egg niches, exit holes, piles of frass around infested trees or actually spotting the ALB on its host.

  • In the larval stage, the ALB bores through the trunk, cutting off the transfer of nutrients throughout the tree. When it fully develops in the spring, the adult ALB chews its way out of the tree, leaving a pencil-sized exit hole.

  • The ALB is a quarantined pest in the United States and eradication of infested trees is currently the only control option. Infested trees are cut down at the base, chipped, then burned.

The ALB has caused the removal of more than 4,000 trees in the state of New York and 700 in Chicago, Ill. At this time, the only means to control this pest is to destroy the infested tree.

In 1997, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service did preliminary research exploring the use of systemic treatments on ALB using a variety of insecticide products. This preliminary research justified further studies on systemic and surface treatments.

More substantial long-term studies began in 1998 and are ongoing.

They hope studies will identify products that effectively control the spread of ALB. There are different tests to identify the most successful application rates, timing and methods necessary for control of ALB on different tree species.

The author is Turf and Ornamental Market Manager for Bayer Corp. Garden & Professional Care, which has donated some Merit® Insecticide for USDA research on ALB control.

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July 1999
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